The contribution of soi moisture storage to the water balances of upland forested and grassland catchments
نویسنده
چکیده
Soil moisture was measured on the Plynlimon catchments, mid Wales, by neutron scattering using networks of access tubes, as a means of estimating the changes in catchment storage for inclusion in the water balance. Reduced networks were used from 1974 to 1982, following an early assessment of their contribution to the water balance from 1970 to 1973. This study assesses the contribution of soil moisture change to both the annual and within-year water balances of the predominantly forested Severn and grassland Wye catchments, during a period of more extreme conditions of wetness, drought and snowfall Soil moisture has a significant impact on the water balance, but with a tendency to give evaporation less than the Penman ET in the summer months and the converse in the winter, a discrepancy explained by the movement of water into and out of stores that are not measured by the soil moisture networks. Losses by evaporation from the forest and grassland areas are estimated and the physical and biological implications for water resources and forestry are discussed. La contribution de la mise en réserve de l'eau dans le sol aux bilans hydrologiques d'eau des bassins de hautes terres sous forêt et dans les pâturages Résumé L'eau dans le sol a été mesurée dans les bassins de Plynlimon, Pays de Galles centrales, par la méthode neutronique, pour estimer les variations de volume de l'eau en réserve dans le sol du bassin en vue du bilan hydroiogique. Après la période de collecte des données de 1970 à 1973, les réseaux ont été simplifiés de 1974 à 1982. Cette étude établit la contribution des changement d'humidité du sol au bilan hydrologique pour une année et à l'intérieur de Tannée en ce qui concerne le bassin de la Severn sous forêt et le bassin de la Wye pâturé pendant une période de conditions extrêmes d'humidité, de sécheresse et de couverture neigeuse. L'humidité du sol a un impact significatif sur le bilan hydrologique mais il y a une certaine tendance vers une evaporation inférieure à celle de Penman ET pendant les mois d'été et l'inverse en hiver, désaccord qui s'explique par le Open for discussion until I December 1988. 289
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تاریخ انتشار 2007